[Newsbits] 7-8.03.2024: Sangam Initiative, CSpace & More

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Sangam: Digital Twin Initiative mind map
  Recent News
    Department of Telecommunications (DoT)
      Unveils Sangam: Digital Twin initiative
      Posted On
        15 FEB 2024
  When
    Deadline for EoI response
      15th March 2024
  Why
    To harness unified data and collective intelligence
    For transformative infrastructure planning and future design
  What
    Digital Twin Technology
      Creates virtual replicas of physical assets
      Allows real-time monitoring, simulation, and analysis
    Proof of Concept (PoC) in Two Stages
      First Stage
        Exploratory phase
        For clarity of horizon
        Creative exploration
      Second Stage
        Practical demonstration of specific use cases
        Generating a future blueprint
        For collaboration and scaling successful strategies
    Objectives
      Demonstrate practical implementation of innovative solutions
      Develop a model framework for faster, effective collaboration
      Provide a roadmap for scaling and replicating successful strategies
  Where
    Conducted in one of India's major cities
  Who
    Invited Participants
      Industry pioneers, startups, MSMEs, academia, innovators
  How
    Inviting Expressions of Interest (EoI)
    Collaborative approach integrating advanced technologies
      5G, IoT, AI, AR/VR, AI native 6G
    Engage in a whole-of-nation approach
    Bridging the gap between conceptualization and realization
  Significance
    Pioneering a sustainable, efficient, and innovative future for infrastructure
    Leadership in digital infrastructure and innovation
    Bridging gap between conceptualization and realization
    Holistic approach to innovation

The Sangam: Digital Twin Initiative, unveiled by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) on February 15, 2024, is an innovative project designed to revolutionize infrastructure planning and design through the use of digital twin technology. This technology creates virtual replicas of physical assets for real-time monitoring, simulation, and analysis, facilitating experimental iterations and feedback loops to adapt to changes for optimal outcomes. The initiative is structured around a Proof of Concept (PoC) that will be carried out in two stages in one of India’s major cities. The first stage focuses on exploratory activities to clarify horizons and unleash potential, while the second stage involves practical demonstrations of specific use cases to generate a future blueprint for collaboration and scaling successful strategies in infrastructure projects. This initiative seeks to demonstrate the practical implementation of innovative infrastructure planning solutions, develop a model framework for faster and more effective collaboration, and provide a roadmap for scaling and replicating successful strategies in future projects​​​​.

/ Banking
RBI Directs Card Issuers to Provide Multiple Network Options mind map
  Recent News
    RBI issues directions
      Applies to banks and non-banks
      Effective from September 6, 2024
  When
    Directions issued on March 6, 2024
  Why
    Enhance customer choice
    Address arrangements not conducive to customer choice
  What
    Options for multiple card networks
    Exclusions
      Card issuers with own networks
      Issuers with less than 10 lakh active cards
    Authorised card networks
      American Express Banking Corp
      Diners Club International Ltd
      MasterCard Asia Pacific Pte Ltd
      National Payments Corporation of India - Rupay
      Visa Worldwide Pte Limited
    Requirements
      No restrictive arrangements or agreements
      Option to choose network at issue and renewal
  Where
    India
  Who
    Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
      Apex bank in India
    Stakeholders
      Banks
      Non-bank card issuers
      Cardholders
  How
    Guidelines issued
      Circular on March 6, 2024
    Feedback from stakeholders sought in July 2023
  Significance
    Increased choice for customers
    Promotes competition among networks
  Challenges
    Implementation challenges
      Adherence to new requirements
      Impact on existing agreements
  Way Forward
    Compliance monitoring
    Feedback and adjustments

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has directed banks and non-bank lenders to provide customers with the option to choose from multiple card networks (such as Visa, MasterCard, American Express, etc.) at the time of issuing or renewing debit, credit, and prepaid cards. This directive aims to enhance customer choice and promote competition among card networks. Exemptions apply to issuers with their own networks or those with fewer than 10 lakh active cards. The policy is set to take effect from September 6, 2024, and was announced after the RBI sought feedback from stakeholders in July 2023​​​​.

/ Korea
10th India-South Korea Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) mind map
  Recent News
    External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar's visit
    Focus on Indo-Pacific region
    Discussions on trade and economic cooperation
  When
    Date of meeting
      March 2024
    Jaishankar's visit
      Four-day visit
  Why
    To strengthen bilateral relations
    Review and explore new avenues for partnership
  What
    Shared convergences in Indo-Pacific
    Regional and global issues
    Trade and economic cooperation
  Where
    Seoul, South Korea
  Who
    Indian External Affairs Minister
      S Jaishankar
    South Korean counterparts
      National Security Advisor
        Chang Ho-jin
      Foreign Minister
        Cho Tae-yul
      Trade, Industry and Energy Minister
        Ahn Dukgeun
    Think tank representatives
  How
    Meetings and discussions
    Review of bilateral cooperation
  Significance
    Enhanced Special Strategic Partnership
    Diverse areas of cooperation
      Trade
      Investments
      Defense
      Education
      Science and Technology
      Culture
  Way Forward
    Further strengthen partnership
    Explore new avenues for cooperation

The 10th India-South Korea Joint Commission Meeting (JCM), co-chaired by External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and his South Korean counterpart Cho Tae-yul, took place in Seoul, South Korea, marking a significant step in bolstering the bilateral relations between the two nations. This meeting focused on enhancing cooperation in various domains, including trade, defense, education, and technology, amidst discussions on regional and global issues, particularly concerning the Indo-Pacific region. The engagement aimed at reviewing the extensive partnership and exploring new avenues for collaboration, emphasizing the shared interests and strategic convergences between India and South Korea. The visit underscored the commitment of both countries to deepen their Special Strategic Partnership and address contemporary challenges together, reflecting a robust and dynamic relationship with potential for future growth and mutual benefits.

/ Railways
India’s First Underwater Metro Tunnel in Kolkata mind map
  Recent News:
    Inauguration:
      By: Prime Minister Narendra Modi
      Date: Not specified in provided information
  When:
    Expected completion: 2023
  Why:
    Decongest traffic
    Transform lives near Hooghly river
  What
    Length of corridor: 16.6 km
    Underwater stretch: 520 meters
    Depth below riverbed: 33 meters
    Depth below surface: 13 meters
    Construction cost: Rs 8,600 crore
    Features:
      1.4m-wide concrete rings
      Hydrophilic gaskets to prevent water ingress
    Stations:
      - Esplanade
      - Mahakaran
      - Howrah
      - Howrah Maidan
    Travel time reduction:
      Sector V to Howrah
      Howrah to Sealdah: 40 minutes (from 1.5 hours)
  Where:
    Under Hooghly river
    Connecting:
      Howrah and Kolkata
      IT hub of Salt Lake Sector V to Howrah Maidan
  Who:
    Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC)
    Site Supervisor: Mithun Ghosh
  How:
    Twin tunnel over 500 meters
    Tunnel boring:
      Timeline:
        First tunnel: May end or first week of June 2017
        Second tunnel: July end 2017
      Restrictions: Only one tunnel boring machine operational at a time
  Significance:
    First of its kind in India
    Expected to be at par with Eurostar (London to Paris)
    Helps reduce travel time
    Aids in traffic decongestion
  Challenges:
    Technical challenges:
      Underwater construction complexities
      Evacuation passages for emergencies
  Way Forward:
    Not specified in provided information

The Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation is set to complete India’s first underwater metro tunnel, connecting the East and West metro corridors under the Hooghly river between Howrah and Kolkata. This 520-meter stretch, part of a 16.6 km east-west corridor, is designed to significantly reduce travel time and decongest traffic in the area. The project, costing Rs 8,600 crore, includes safety features like walkways for emergency evacuation and is built 33 meters below the riverbed. The underwater tunnel will connect the IT hub of Salt Lake Sector V to Howrah Maidan, crossing the river. With stations at Esplanade, Mahakaran, Howrah, and Howrah Maidan, the metro aims to transform transportation in Kolkata, making it akin to international standards similar to the Eurostar connection between London and Paris​​​​​​.

CSpace - India’s first state-run OTT mind map
  Recent News
    Launch
      Date
        March 7, 2024
      Event Location
        Kairali Theatre, Thiruvananthapuram
      Significance
        India's first government-owned OTT platform
  When
    Announcement
      Date
        Prior to March 7, 2024
    Launch
      Date
        March 7, 2024
  Why
    Objective
      Provide meaningful infotainment
      Streamline content selection and propagation in OTT sector
      Bridge gap between traditional and digital distribution
      Serve as digital archive for Malayalam cinema
  What
    Managed by
      Kerala State Film Development Corporation (KSFDC)
    Content Selection
      Panel of 60 cultural experts
      Criteria
        Artistic and cultural merit
        National or state awards
        Featured in major festivals
    Content Types
      Feature films
      Documentaries
      Short films
    Initial Lineup
      42 films including six documentaries
    Revenue Model
      Pay-per-view basis
      Feature films at ₹75
      Shorter content at lower price
      Revenue Sharing
        Half to content providers
    Access
      App available on PlayStore and App Store
      Usage on three devices per UserID
  Where
    Kerala, India
  Who
    Kerala Government
    Cultural Affairs Department
    Kerala State Film Development Corporation
  How
    Launch Event
      Location
        Kairali Theatre
      Time
        9:30 AM
    App Deployment
      Platforms
        PlayStore
        App Store
    Revenue Model
      Pay-per-view
      Revenue sharing with content providers
  Significance
    Supports Malayalam cinema
    Promotes cultural diversity
    Transparent content selection
    Fair revenue sharing model
  Challenges
    Stability
      Requires time to stabilize
    Competition
      With existing OTT platforms
  Way Forward
    Suggestions and innovations welcome
    Addition of government and Chalachitra Academy content

CSpace, Kerala’s first government-owned OTT platform, was launched on March 7, 2024, marking a significant move towards digitizing the state’s entertainment sector. Managed by the Kerala State Film Development Corporation (KSFDC), it aims to offer a mix of meaningful infotainment by carefully selecting content that meets specific artistic and cultural standards. The platform differentiates itself through a transparent selection process involving a panel of 60 cultural experts and a fair revenue-sharing model with content providers. CSpace offers a variety of films, including award winners and festival features, on a pay-per-view basis. This initiative not only supports the Malayalam cinema but also addresses the challenges of content selection and propagation in the OTT sector, offering a new chapter for digital entertainment in Kerala​​​​​​.

Indelible Ink for Lok Sabha 2024 Polls mind map
  Recent News
    Mysore Paints and Varnish Ltd (MPVL)
      Sole supplier
      Gearing up for Lok Sabha elections 2024
      Received biggest order till date
    Production
      70% complete
      Rest to be completed by March 15
    Order details
      26.55 lakh vials
      Worth ₹55 crore
  When
    For Lok Sabha elections 2024
    Production completion by March 15
  Why
    To prevent electoral fraud
    Ensure no multiple voting
  What
    Indelible ink vials
      Leaves deep purple mark
      Applied on voter's left forefinger
    Cost revision
      Upward to ₹174 from ₹160
      Due to fluctuating price of silver nitrate
    Exploring alternatives
      Developing marker pens
  Where
    Mysuru-based company
  Who
    Mysore Paints and Varnish Ltd (MPVL)
      State-owned enterprise
      Exclusive manufacturer for Election Commission
    Voters
      Ink applied on left forefinger
  How
    Received largest order from Election Commission
    Fulfilling both domestic and export orders
  Export Orders
    Past couple of months
      Small orders from Cambodia, Fiji Islands, Sierra Leone, Guinea-Bissau
    Processing orders from Mongolia, Fiji Islands, Malaysia, Cambodia
  Significance
    Safeguards integrity of electoral process
    Unsung hero in democracy
    Prevents electoral fraud by ensuring voter's mark
  Challenges
    Price increase due to silver nitrate cost
    Need for alternative solutions like marker pens
  Way Forward
    Complete remaining production timely
    Develop and introduce marker pens as alternative

The indelible ink used in the Lok Sabha 2024 polls is supplied by Mysore Paints and Varnish Ltd (MPVL), the sole supplier for such ink in India. The company is currently preparing for the elections, having received its largest order to date, with 70% of production already completed and the remainder expected to be finished by March 15. This ink is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the electoral process by preventing multiple votes from a single individual. The cost per vial has increased due to the rising price of silver nitrate, a key ingredient. MPVL is also looking into developing marker pens as an alternative to traditional glass vials for future elections. In addition to domestic demands, MPVL caters to international orders from countries like Cambodia, Fiji Islands, Sierra Leone, and Guinea-Bissau, showcasing the global reliance on its indelible ink for fair voting processes​​​​.

/ Species
Supreme Court Bans Tiger Safari in Core Areas of Jim Corbett National Park mind map
  Recent News
    Imposed by Supreme Court
    Involves
      Former Uttarakhand Forest Minister Harak Singh Rawat
      Former divisional Forest Officer Kishan Chand
    Result of
      Illegal construction
      Felling of trees
    Directed
      CBI to file status report within three months
    Petition by
      Environment activist and lawyer, Gaurav Bansal
    Reaction
      Nexus of officers identified
    Committee formed
      To examine safari permission in buffer areas
    Quoted Mahabharata
      "The forest perishes without the tiger"
    Earlier Case
      Uttarakhand High Court ordered CBI inquiry
      September last year
      For illegal construction and felling of 6,000 trees
      High Court's suo motu cognizance
        From media reports
      CBI to conduct investigation
    ED's action
      Raided residences of Rawat and Chand
  Why
    To protect wildlife habitat
    Balance tourism interests
  What
    Tiger safaris banned in core areas
    Permitted in peripheral and buffer zones
    Aimed at wildlife protection
    Judiciary's commitment underscored
    Quotation from Mahabharata on tiger's significance
  Where
    Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand
  Who
    Harak Singh Rawat
      Former Uttarakhand Forest Minister
    Kishan Chand
      Former divisional Forest Officer
    Gaurav Bansal
      Environment activist and lawyer
    Justices BR Gavai, Prashant Kumar Mishra, and Sandeep Mehta
      Involved in ruling
  How
    Directed CBI for investigation
    Committee formation for buffer area examination
  Significance
    Protection of wildlife habitat
    Reduction in tiger poaching acknowledged
  Challenges
    Illegal construction and deforestation
  Way Forward
    State's responsibility in restoring forest status emphasized
    Restoration and recovery from responsible parties

The Supreme Court of India has recently banned tiger safaris in the core areas of Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand, following concerns over illegal construction and deforestation activities. This decision aims to protect the park’s wildlife habitat while balancing the interests of tourism. The court criticized former Uttarakhand Forest Minister Harak Singh Rawat and former Divisional Forest Officer Kishan Chand for their roles in these activities and directed the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to report on the case. Additionally, a committee has been formed to examine whether safaris can be allowed in buffer or fringe areas of national parks across the country​​​​.

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