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Terai Arc Landscape (TAL)

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Santhosh Kumar 18/02/2024
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Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) mind map Overview Location Between river Yamuna and river Bagmati Encompasses Shivalik hills Bhabhar areas Terai flood plains Span 810km stretch 49,500 km² total area 30,000 km² in India Countries India Nepal Protected areas 14 in total Parsa National Park, Nepal Chitwan National Park, Nepal Banke National Park, Nepal Bardia National Park, Nepal Blackbuck Conservation Area, Nepal Shuklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, Nepal Valmiki National Park, India Sohelwa Wildlife Sanctuary, India Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, India Dudhwa National Park, India Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, India Corbett National Park, India Rajaji National Park, India Pilibhit Tiger Reserve, India 9 in India 5 in Nepal Biodiversity Mammals Bengal tiger Indian rhinoceros Asian elephant Gaur Hispid hare Sloth bear South Asian river dolphin Birds Over 500 species Bengal florican Sarus crane Black stork Others Wide range of fish Amphibians Freshwater crustaceans Conservation Efforts Initiated 2001 by Government of Nepal Strategic Plans 2004-2014 2015-2025 Goals Address conservation management Tackle priority threats Ensure socio-ecological integrity WWF Involvement Since 2000 Aims for habitat integrity Establish wildlife corridors Provide alternate livelihoods Challenges Threats Forest conversion Encroachment Infrastructure development Wildlife crimes Human-wildlife conflict Unsustainable forest product extraction Climate impacts Forest fire River diversions Droughts Population Dense human population Dependence on forests for resources Significance Ecological health Survival of endangered species

The Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), stretching between the Yamuna and Bagmati rivers, encompasses various protected areas across India and Nepal. It is a hotspot for biodiversity, including mammals like the Bengal tiger and the Indian rhinoceros, and over 500 bird species. Conservation efforts have been ongoing since 2001, with strategic plans addressing threats and aiming for socio-ecological integrity. The region faces several challenges, including forest conversion and climate impacts. The survival of endangered species and the ecological health of the area underline the importance of these conservation efforts.

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