Rat-Hole Mining

Rat-hole mining is a traditional coal extraction method prevalent in northeastern India, particularly in Meghalaya. Miners use narrow pits and tunnels to reach coal seams, often with minimal safety measures. The practice, characterized by techniques like side-cutting and box-cutting, poses significant safety and environmental risks, including land degradation, water pollution, and frequent accidents. The National Green Tribunal banned it in 2014 due to its unregulated nature and fatalities. Recent incidents, such as the flooding of a mine in Assam trapping workers, highlight the ongoing dangers despite the ban. Rescue efforts involving multiple agencies are underway to mitigate the disaster.