Goan Cashew
In recent news, Goan cashew has been granted a Geographical Indication (GI) tag, recognizing its unique characteristics and qualities.
This topic of “Goan Cashew” is important from the perspective of the UPSC IAS Examination, which falls under General Studies Portion.
The Goan Cashew Variety
Characteristics
- Goan cashew is known for its organic cultivation.
- It boasts a unique flavor that sets it apart in the world of cashews.
- Its sweeter taste adds to its appeal, making it a sought-after variety.
The Significance of the GI Tag
GI Tag Definition
- The GI tag signifies products from specific regions that possess unique characteristics and qualities.
- It serves as a trademark in the international market, protecting the product’s identity.
- The GI tag for Goan cashew was issued by the Geographical Indications Registry located in Chennai.
Fascinating Facts
Name Origin
- The term “cashew” has its origins in the Portuguese word ‘caju’ and the Konkani word ‘kaju.’
Historical Roots
- Cashew trees are native to Northeast Brazil and Latin America.
- The Portuguese introduced cashew to Goa in the 16th century, around 1570.
- Initially, it was used for afforestation and soil conservation.
Economic Value Realization
- It took about a century after its introduction for cashew to gain economic significance in Goa.
Edible Value Discovery
- Goan prisoners in Mozambique during the mid-18th century played a role in discovering the edible value of cashew.
- This discovery coincided with Goa’s freedom movement.
The First Cashew Factory in Goa
- The first cashew factory in Goa was established in 1926, and the first export of cashews occurred in 1930.
Evolution of Production
- Cashew processing in Goa transitioned from a cottage industry to large-scale production.
- The increasing foreign demand, primarily from the USA, fueled this growth.
Da Costa’s Thesis Details
- Before Goa’s liberation in 1961, cashew processing was a significant industry.
- Over Rs 20 lakh worth of processed cashew nuts were exported, a mix of locally grown and imported nuts.
- Major export destinations included the USA, Japan, Saudi Arabia, and West Germany.
- The Board of External Trade in 1959-60 supported cashew-nut factory owners, promoting participation in international fairs.
- Imports from Portuguese East Africa attracted foreigners to establish factories in Goa due to benefits like lower import duty, favorable port dues, and lower rents and wages.
Goa’s Cashew Processing Dominance
- By 1961, the cashew processing industry in Goa accounted for 60% of industrial production, with the majority of the product being exported.
