UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crimes
An upcoming conference in Palermo, Italy, is set to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crimes (UNTOC). This significant event marks two decades of international collaboration in the fight against organized crime.
This topic of “UN Convention against Transnational Organised Crimes” is important from the perspective of the UPSC IAS Examination, which falls under General Studies Portion.
What is UNTOC?
Nature of UNTOC
- UNTOC is a multilateral treaty aimed at combatting transnational organized crime, fostering international cooperation, and strengthening legal frameworks.
Protocols under UNTOC (3)
- Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms
- Details: Addresses the illicit manufacturing and trafficking of firearms, including their parts, components, and ammunition.
- Year of Adoption: 2001
- Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons
- Focus: Particularly focuses on preventing, suppressing, and punishing trafficking in persons, especially women and children.
- Significance: This protocol represents the world’s first legally enforceable agreement on human trafficking and includes an agreed-upon definition of the term.
- Year of Adoption: 2003
- Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants
- Scope: Addresses the smuggling of migrants by land, sea, and air, providing a comprehensive framework to combat this illicit activity.
- Year of Adoption: 2004
Who is the Custodian of UNTOC?
- The UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) serves as the custodian of the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crimes (UNTOC), overseeing its implementation and progress.
When Did UNTOC Come into Existence?
Key Dates
- Adoption: UNTOC was adopted through Resolution 55/25 on November 15th, 2000.
- Enforcement: The convention came into force on September 29th, 2003.
- India’s Ratification: India ratified the convention in the year 2011, signaling its commitment to combatting transnational organized crime.
