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[Newsbits] 17.07.2023

Santhosh Kumar 17/07/2023

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Hoolock Gibbon

Hoolock Gibbon upsc notes
Context
China event raises concern over India’s only ape
Source: TH
Conservation status of hoolock gibbon
India’s only ape species
Matter of concern at a global event
Held in China
About Gibbons
Smallest and fastest ape
Found in
Tropical and subtropical forests in Southeast Asia
Hoolock gibbon
Unique to India’s northeast
One of the 20 gibbon species
Estimated population of 12,000
All 20 gibbon species
At high risk of extinction
Due to declines in distribution and populations since 1900
Leaving only small populations in tropical rainforests
Threats
Primary threat in India
Felling of trees for infrastructure projects
Initiatives
Global Gibbon Network (GGN)
Protect and conserve gibbons and their habitats
By promoting participatory conservation policies and actions
Aaranyak
Non-profit conservation organization based in Assam, India
One of the founding organizations of the GGN
From seven countries
Controversy regarding conservation status
Initial belief
Two separate species
Genetic analysis by the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB)
In Hyderabad in 2021
Revealed only one species of ape in India
The hoolock gibbon
International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List
Classifies the western hoolock gibbon as endangered
Classifies the eastern hoolock gibbon as vulnerable
Adds complexity to their conservation status

Agri Infra Fund

Agri Infra Fund upsc notes
Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
New campaign titled BHARAT
Banks Heralding Accelerated Rural & Agriculture Transformation (BHARAT)
Under the Agri Infra Fund (AIF)
Campaign duration
July 15, 2023, to August 15, 2023
Campaign goal
Raise Rs 7200 crore
Source: PIB
About the AIF
Financing facility launched in July 2020
All-around financial support
To farmers, agri-entrepreneurs, FPOs, PACS, Cooperatives, SHGs
Creation of post-harvest management infrastructure
Building of community farming assets
Throughout the country
Features
1 Lakh Crore provision
By banks and financial institutions as loans
With interest subvention of 3% per annum
Credit guarantee support
Through the Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises (CGTMSE) scheme
For loans of up to Rs 2 crore
Management Information System (MIS) platform
For fund management and monitoring
Loan application enablement
For all the qualified entities under the Fund
Duration
FY2020 to FY2029 (10 years)
Monitoring committees
At National, State and District level
Real-time monitoring and effective feedback

Export Preparedness Index (EPI) Report, 2022

Export Preparedness Index (EPI) Report, 2022 upsc notes
NITI Aayog releasing the third edition
For the year 2022
Discussed in the report
India’s export performance
Overview of sector-specific export performance
Development of districts
As export hubs in the country
District-level analysis of merchandise exports
About the Report
EPI as a comprehensive tool
Measures the export preparedness
Of the States and UTs in India
Aim
Comprehensive analysis of States and UTs
Across export-related parameters
Identifying their strengths and weaknesses
Highlight the achievements
Encourage peer learning
Uphold the spirit of competitive federalism
Pillars
Policy Pillar
State’s and UTs’ performance evaluation
Based on adoption of the export-related policy
Ecosystem at state and district level
Institutional framework surrounding the ecosystem
Business Ecosystem
Prevailing business environment assessment
In a state/UT
Business-supportive infrastructure extent
State/UT’s transport connectivity
Export Ecosystem
Export-related infrastructure in a state/UT
Trade support for exporters
Prevalence of Research and Development
To foster innovation in the state/UT
Export Performance
Output-based indicator
Gauges the growth of a state’s export
Over the previous year
Analyzes its export concentration
Footprint on the global markets

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