[Newsbits] 1-14.08.2024: Neelakurinji, Africa Mpox Outbreak & more

India’s scientists at the CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology in New Delhi have developed a more precise and efficient DNA-editing system by enhancing the FnCas9 enzyme. This system aims to improve the accuracy of CRISPR technology while minimizing off-target effects. Modifications in the enzyme’s interaction with the PAM sequence have resulted in better DNA binding and editing capabilities, especially in difficult-to-access genome areas. Tests on human cells demonstrated higher precision and minimal off-target effects, highlighting potential for treating genetic disorders such as Leber Congenital Amaurosis 2. The new approach may also pave the way for safer, patient-specific stem cell therapies.

India hosted the 46th session of the World Heritage Committee (WHC) in July 2024 in New Delhi, marking a significant event in its heritage conservation efforts. During the session, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a $1 million grant to support UNESCO’s global conservation initiatives. India, a long-time supporter of the World Heritage Convention, has actively contributed to heritage conservation, adding 13 sites to the World Heritage list in the past decade, and now has 43 sites in total. The session saw the recognition of 24 new World Heritage Sites globally, including the Moidams from Assam as India’s 43rd site. Key discussions included heritage conservation projects, international collaborations, and the fight against illegal trade in cultural artifacts, underscoring India’s commitment to preserving cultural heritage.

The Cyber Crime Prevention Against Women and Children (CCPWC) initiative, under the Nirbhaya Fund, focuses on tackling cyber crimes against women and children through organized efforts like Safe City Projects. These projects, supported by local police and city authorities, aim to enhance public safety infrastructure and utilize advanced technologies for smarter policing. A key component is the National Cybercrime Reporting Portal (NCRP), which allows easy reporting of cyber crimes. The initiative includes partnerships, such as with the USA, to improve cooperation in combating online child exploitation and the establishment of Cyber Forensic cum Training Labs across India. Additionally, the Emergency Response Support System (ERSS) and the Women Helpline (181) work together to provide immediate support for women in distress.

On July 30, Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan launched the National Apprenticeship Training Scheme (NATS) 2.0 Portal and announced Rs 100 crore in stipends for apprentices. This initiative, part of the government’s effort to enhance the skills and job prospects of young people in sectors like IT, manufacturing, and automobiles, allows for easier registration and application for apprenticeships and helps industries manage job openings and contracts. The portal aims to attract more users and ensure that apprentices receive a monthly stipend through the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system. Panel discussions highlighted the integration of degree programs with apprenticeships, industry-education collaboration, and technological improvements in the DBT system. Minister Pradhan emphasized the need for education to focus on employability, supported by the DBT system introduced in 2024. The NATS 2.0 Portal aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, promoting vocational education and new guidelines for Apprenticeship Embedded Degree Programmes (AEDP) by UGC and AICTE.

India has been elected as the vice-chair of the Supply Chain Council (SCC) under the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF). This significant role highlights India’s growing influence in global supply chain management and its efforts to reduce reliance on China. The IPEF, launched in May 2022, includes 14 member countries and focuses on trade, supply chain resilience, clean economy, and fair economy. The SCC aims to enhance supply chain security and efficiency, with future plans including the first in-person meeting in Washington in September 2024. The SCC, initially started in 2003 and later merged with APICS in 2014, developed the SCOR model for managing supply chains and offers training and certifications in supply chain management.