Fractals

Fractals mind map
  Context
    Physicists 
      using fractal geometry to study quantum systems
        providing a unique perspective on the uncertainties of quantum physics.
  Definition
    Geometric shape
    Detailed structure at small scales
  Characteristics
    Fractal dimension
      Exceeds topological dimension
    Self-similarity
      Patterns repeat at smaller scales
      Types
        Exact self-similarity
          Identical at all scales
          Example: Koch snowflake
        Quasi self-similarity
          Approximate pattern repetition
          Example: Mandelbrot set
        Statistical self-similarity
          Stochastic pattern repetition
          Example: Coastline of Britain
        Qualitative self-similarity
          Time series patterns
        Multifractal scaling
          Multiple fractal dimensions
    Scaling
      Non-integer dimensional scaling
    Differentiability
      Nowhere differentiable
      Infinite detail at small scales
  Mathematical Background
    Measure theory
    Hausdorff–Besicovitch dimension
  Applications
    In nature
      Geometric patterns
      Natural processes
    In technology
    In art
    In architecture
    In law
    Chaos theory
      Geometric depictions of chaotic processes
  Generation Techniques
    Iterated function systems
      Fixed geometric replacement rules
    Strange attractors
      Chaotic systems
    L-systems
      String rewriting
  Origin of Term
    Coined by Benoît Mandelbrot
    Based on Latin "frāctus"
    Theoretical fractional dimensions

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