Reverse Transcriptase
Reverse transcriptase has been crucial in COVID-19 diagnostics, enabling quick and accurate tests for SARS-2 virus detection. Discovered by Howard Temin and David Baltimore in 1970, it challenged the Central Dogma by showing RNA to DNA transcription. This enzyme revolutionized molecular biology, aiding gene cloning and viral diagnostics, and played a key role in HIV/AIDS treatment. It also impacts the human genome and neuropsychiatric diseases, with evolutionary roots in bacterial reverse transcriptases.
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