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Small Modular Reactors (SMRs)

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Santhosh Kumar 19/07/2023
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Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) upsc notes 1. Definition and advantages Advanced nuclear reactors Capacity up to 300 MW Simplicity, safety, cost-effectiveness Factory-made, transportable Economical, time-efficient Longer refueling intervals 2. India's nuclear power status 22 nuclear reactors 7 power plants 6780 MW nuclear power Goal: 10% nuclear power by 2035 3. Global status of SMRs 70+ SMR designs 17 countries Examples NuScale Power (U.S.) Akademik Lomonosov (Russia) Rolls-Royce (U.K.) 4. India's need for more nuclear power Limited hydropower growth potential Coal capacity: 210 GW, 73% electricity Environmental concerns Intermittent wind and solar power 5. India's strategy Transition to SMRs Public-private partnerships Raise nuclear power to 10% by 2035 6. Niti Aayog's suggestions Encourage private sector participation Implement regulatory changes for safety Modify foreign investment policies 7. Way ahead for India Move towards passive safety designs Enforce nuclear liability End NPCIL monopoly in reactor operations 8. Conclusion Achieve net zero by 2070 Need 100 GW nuclear power by 2050 Portfolio of technologies, including SMRs Safe and cost-effective nuclear power

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