Sea Lions and Algae Bloom

Sea lions and algae bloom upsc notes
  Context
    Recent outbreak of algae bloom
    Effect on sea lions and dolphins in California, US
  Sea lions (IUCN Status – Endangered)
    Pinnipeds with external ear flaps, long fore flippers
    Can walk on all fours
    Short, thick hair
    Large chest and belly
    Range extends from subarctic to tropical global ocean
    Except northern Atlantic Ocean
  Algal bloom/red tides
    Excessive growth of algae causing water discolouration
    Human causes: climate change, excess nitrates
    Red tide: presence of dinoflagellate Gonyaulax
  Impact
    Production of neurotoxin (domoic acid)
    Death of fish and other aquatic organisms
    Toxin passed up food chain (humans can be affected via infected shellfish)

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