Consider the following statements :

Statement I :Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change.
Statement II :Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets.
Statement III :Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

(a)    Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
(b)    Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
(c)    Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
(d)    Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct

The correct answer is (a) Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I.

Explanation

Statement I: Correct.Article 6 is one of the most complex and politically contentious parts of the Paris Agreement. It was the final piece of the “rulebook” to be agreed upon (at COP26 in Glasgow). It is frequently discussed because it governs all forms of international cooperation for achieving climate targets, which is central to sustainable development.
Statement II: Correct.This statement is correct. Article 6, specifically sections 6.2 and 6.4, provides the foundation for market-based mechanisms. It allows countries to voluntarily trade emission reductions (known as Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes or ITMOs) to help them meet their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). This is the “carbon market.”
Statement III: Correct.This statement is also correct. Article 6, specifically section 6.8, establishes a framework for “non-market approaches” (NMAs). This promotes cooperation between countries that does not involve trading, such as sharing technology, capacity-building, and joint policies for mitigation and adaptation.

Evaluating the Relationship

Statement I is true because Article 6 is a hot topic.
Why is it a hot topic? Because it defines the two primary ways countries can cooperate to meet their climate goals: through carbon markets (Statement II) and through non-market strategies (Statement III).
Therefore, both Statement II and Statement III are correct, and together they provide the full explanation for why Article 6 is so frequently discussed.