Critically examine the procedures through which the presidents of India and France are elected. (250 words) [2022]

The presidential election processes in India and France differ significantly in terms of electoral systems and voting procedures. Here is a critical examination of the procedures through which the presidents of India and France are elected:

India:

Indirect Election: The President of India is elected through an indirect election, where an Electoral College comprising Members of Parliament (MPs) and Members of Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) from all states and Union Territories cast their votes.
Proportional Representation: The election follows a single transferable vote system, ensuring proportional representation. Each elector’s vote carries a certain value based on the population they represent, and the candidate who secures more than 50% of the total value of votes is declared the winner.

France:

Direct Election: The President of France is elected through a direct election, where all eligible citizens cast their votes in a two-round system.
Two-Round System: In the first round, multiple candidates compete, and if no candidate secures more than 50% of the votes, the top two candidates proceed to a second round. The candidate with the majority of votes in the second round is elected as the President.

In conclusion, the presidential election processes in India and France differ in terms of the electoral system, with India adopting an indirect election through an Electoral College and proportional representation, while France employs a direct election with a two-round system. Both systems have their merits and drawbacks, but they ultimately aim to ensure a fair and democratic selection of the head of state.