Module 1 of 43
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How to use, Sources & Abbreviations

How to use

For first reading

Way 1 – Click to open each node

Way 2 – Presentation Mode

Click “Menu” at bottom-left >> Click “Presentation”

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For revision

Way 1 – Focus Mode

Focus option expands all nodes inside a specific node

Way 2 – Expand all

Click “View” >> Click “Expand all” to expand all nodes inside the mindmap

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How to prevent eyestrain due to high screen time
  1. Click the dark mode icon on the top-right corner to read the modules in dark mode.
  2. Wear Anti-UV glasses. We recommend the below product that has been tried and tested by ourselves (It works!).

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Referred Sources

General Studies
  • Current affairs – Hindu, Indian Express, PIB, Down to Earth, & other news sources.
  • Polity – Laxmikanth, DD Basu, Internet.
  • Economy – Ramesh Singh, Internet.
  • Art & Culture – Spectrum, Internet.
  • Geography – NIOS, NCERT, Internet.
  • Environment – NIOS, Shankar, Internet.
  • Ancient India – R.S. Sharma (old NCERT), Internet.
  • Medieval India – Satish Chandra, Internet.
  • Modern India – Bipan Chandra, Internet.
  • Post-independent India – Bipan Chandra, Internet.
  • World History – Tamil Nadu Board book, Internet.
  • International Relations – Internet.
  • Ethics – Lexicon, Internet.
  • Indian Society & Social Justice – NCERT, Internet.
  • Internal Security – News & research papers.
  • Disaster – News & research papers.
  • Governance – Internet.
  • Science & Technology – NCERT, Arihant, News sources.

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Political Science (Optional)
  • IGNOU MA Notes
  • Political Theory by O P Gauba
  • Global Politics by Andrew Heywoods
  • VP Verma – Modern Indian political thoughts
  • etc

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Anthropology (Optional)

Paper 1:

  • Physical Anthropology – P Nath
  • Anthropology Simplified- Vivek Bhasme
  • Anthropology – Ember and Ember
  • epg pathashala
  • ignou M.A Anthropology

Paper-II:

  • ignou M.A Anthropology
  • epg pathashala
  • January 2014 edition of Yojana- Tribal and Marginalized Communities
  • The Tribal Culture of India – LP Vidyarthi
  • Tribal India – Nadeem Hasnain
  • Indian Anthropology -Nadeem Hasnain
  • Anthropology Simplified – Vivek Bhasme

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Geography (Optional)
  1. Savindra Singh’s Geomorphology
  2. Savindra Singh’s Physical Geography
  3. Savindra Singh’s Climatology
  4. Savindra Singh’s Oceanography
  5. D.R khullar
  6. Majid Hussain
  7. Geographical thought by R. D Dikshit
  8. Internet

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Sociology (Optional)
  • Haralambos and Holborn (blue & orange )
  • IGNOU Material
  • Seeing sociology in everyday life by J.J.Macionis
  • Sociological theory – George Ritzer
  • Oxford Dictionary of Sociology
  • Research papers from the internet

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History (Optional)

Standard sources like NCERT, Ignou, Upinder Singh, R.S.Sharma, Romila Thapar, Satish Chandra, Bipin Chandra, etc + Internet.

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Psychology (Optional)

Standard sources like XI & XII NCERT, Robert A Baron, Morgan and King, Saundra Ciccarelli, Robert S. Feldman, A K Singh, Smarak Swain

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Abbreviations (GS only)

If you’ve found any abbreviations not provided in the list below, please contact us here.

General
  • WRT – With respect to
  • NOTH – Need of the hour
  • W.O – With Out
  • AKA – Also Known As
  • 1ly – Only
  • Sev – Several
  • Misc – Miscellaneous
  • Diff – Difference

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Polity
  • Const – Constitution
  • C – Central Government
  • S – State Government
  • P – Parliament
  • L – Legislature
  • E – Executive
  • SL – State Legislature
  • SLA – State Legislative Assembly
  • SLC – State Legislative Council
  • CAA – Constitutional Amendment Act
  • CFOI – Consolidated Fund of India
  • CFOS – Consolidated Fund of State
  • BS – Basic Structure
  • COM – Council of Ministers

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Economy
  • P.P – Purchasing Power
  • M.T – Monitorable Targets
  • MLP – Multi-Level Planning
  • CFOI – Consolidated Fund of India
  • CFOS – Consolidated Fund of State

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